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Types of Companies in Nepal under Company Act, 2063

This article provides a complete overview of the different types of companies in Nepal under the Company Act, 2063. It explains the features of private, public, non-profit, government, foreign, and holding/subsidiary companies. Also included are detailed steps to register a company in Nepal through the Office of the Company Registrar (OCR), making it easier for startups, investors, and social enterprises to choose the right legal structure. With rising digital access and business reforms, Nepal is becoming a favorable destination for entrepreneurs.

January 15, 2025

Documents Required for Company Formation in Nepal

To legally incorporate a company in Nepal, three core documents are required—Memorandum of Association (MOA), Articles of Association (AOA), and a Prospectus (for public companies). These legal documents define the company’s structure, objectives, internal governance, and how it communicates with the public. This guide explains each document’s contents, legal basis, and their role in company registration under Nepal’s Company Act, 2063. Following these documentation steps ensures compliance, builds public trust, and lays a strong legal foundation for sustainable business operations in Nepal.

January 15, 2025

Comprehensive Guide to the Divorce Process in Nepal - 2025

This in-depth article outlines the complete divorce process in Nepal under the Muluki Civil Code 2074, including legal grounds for husbands and wives, required documents, steps from filing to final verdict, and rules regarding property division and alimony. Whether you’re a Nepali citizen or residing abroad, Alpine Law Associates provides expert legal representation and guidance through power of attorney. Our team ensures your rights are protected at every stage, offering clarity, confidentiality, and compassionate legal support during one of life’s most difficult transitions.

January 19, 2025

Lenden Kanoon - Borrowing and Lending Law in Nepal Explained

This article explores borrowing and lending laws in Nepal, as guided by the Muluki Civil Code 2074. It outlines the legal procedures for executing deeds, interest limits, repayment protocols, and creditor rights. Ideal for individuals, families, and businesses navigating financial transactions. Learn how to secure your lending rights and settle disputes legally with expert guidance from Alpine Law Associates.

January 20, 2025

Cheque Bounce Laws in Nepal : Cheque Bounce Lawyer Nepal

Cheque bounce cases in Nepal are addressed under the Negotiable Instrument Act, 2034 and the Banking Offence and Punishment Act, 2064. A dishonored cheque due to insufficient funds, signature mismatch, or other issues can lead to legal action including fines, imprisonment, and claim recovery. This article explains the legal remedies, filing procedures, and how Alpine Law Associates offers complete legal support for cheque-related disputes.

January 20, 2025

Understanding Tamasuk in Nepal: Types and Legal Aspects of Transactions

Tamasuk is a legally recognized document for financial transactions in Nepal, ensuring mutual trust and enforceability. This article explains the types of Tamasuk—Kapali, Dristi Bandhak, Bhog Bandhak, and Lakhabandhak—along with legal guidelines under the Muluki Civil Code 2074. Whether you're a lender or borrower, understanding Tamasuk helps safeguard your rights and responsibilities. Alpine Law Associates offers expert legal services to help you draft, register, and enforce Tamasuk agreements across Nepal.

January 20, 2025

Succession Laws in Nepal: Inheritance, Rights, and Procedures

Inheritance law in Nepal is governed by the Muluki Civil Code 2074 and outlines how a deceased person’s property and responsibilities pass to legal heirs. Whether through testate or intestate succession, the law ensures equitable distribution among spouses, children, and close relatives, with a defined order of preference. Special provisions exist for distant heirs and cases where no heirs are present. This article provides a comprehensive overview of succession rights, responsibilities of inheritors, and legal procedures involved. Alpine Law Associates offers full legal support to protect your inheritance rights in Nepal.

January 20, 2025

Child Custody Laws and Parental Rights in Nepal

Child custody in Nepal is a sensitive yet crucial legal matter governed by the Muluki Civil Code 2074. It ensures the child’s welfare after separation or divorce by outlining legal criteria for determining custody, maintenance, visitation, and parental duties. This article covers the legal definitions, eligibility, and responsibilities of custodial and non-custodial parents. It also explains how custody decisions are made based on the child's age, parental agreement, and financial capacity. Whether you're a parent going through separation or seeking clarity on your rights, this guide offers clear legal insight and guidance.

February 03, 2025

Unmarried Certificate in Nepal: Process, Requirements & Importance

An Unmarried Certificate, also known as a Single Status Certificate, is essential for legal procedures such as court marriage in Nepal. It confirms a person’s single status and is required for both domestic and international uses, including marriage with foreign nationals, immigration, and visa applications. This article explains the application process, required documents, and the legal validation procedure from the Ward Office to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Also, understand why the 30-day validity is crucial for timely marriage registration. For smooth legal processing, partnering with a qualified law firm like Alpine Law Associates is highly recommended.

February 04, 2025

Polygamy in Nepal: Legal Provisions, Penalties, and Social Implications

Polygamy in Nepal is legally prohibited under the Muluki Civil Code and Penal Code. Despite cultural roots in some communities, modern laws uphold monogamy, with legal consequences for violations. At Alpine Law Associates, we provide expert legal support in cases of bigamy and polygamy—whether you're a victim seeking justice or falsely accused. From FIR filing to court representation, we guide you at every step. Learn your rights and take legal action with confidence.

February 09, 2025

Domestic Violence in Nepal: Legal Provisions and Challenges

Domestic violence is a grave violation of human rights, deeply affecting individuals and families across Nepal. This article explores the legal definitions, forms, and penalties of domestic violence under Nepalese law, particularly the Domestic Violence (Crime and Punishment) Act, 2008. It also details the legal rights of victims, procedures for seeking justice, and compensation options. Readers will also find how Alpine Law Associates, a leading full-service law firm in Nepal, offers dedicated legal representation, documentation, and protection services for victims. If you or a loved one is facing domestic abuse, this guide provides both legal clarity and a trusted path to justice.

February 12, 2025

Homicide Laws in Nepal: Classification, Punishment, and Legal Provisions

This article provides an in-depth explanation of homicide laws in Nepal as outlined in the National Penal Code, 2074. It covers all classifications of homicide—including intentional, provocational, reckless, and negligent—along with their respective punishments and legal implications. The content also includes important notes on attempted homicide, abetment of suicide, and abandonment of dependents. Backed by legal expertise from Alpine Law Associates, this guide ensures you understand your rights, responsibilities, and the legal consequences of homicide-related acts in Nepal.

February 13, 2025

Kidnapping & Hostage-Taking Laws in Nepal | Legal Provisions & Punishment

Kidnapping and hostage-taking are serious criminal offenses under Nepal’s National Penal Code 2074. This article explains legal definitions, punishments, and procedures involved in such cases. With guidance from Alpine Law Associates, victims and accused individuals can find the legal support they need to pursue justice or defense.

February 14, 2025

Debt Recovery Tribunal in Nepal: Process, Appeal & Implementation

The Debt Recovery Tribunal in Nepal is a dedicated legal body established under the Act on Recovery of Debt of Bank and Financial Instrument, 2058. It facilitates timely recovery of non-performing loans for banks and financial institutions. This article explains the tribunal's composition, jurisdiction, legal procedure, appeal mechanisms, enforcement powers, compromise provisions, and debt recovery officer authority. It also highlights borrower and guarantor liabilities and timelines for decisions and appeals. Whether you're a financial institution or a borrower, this guide offers a full overview of the structured debt resolution system in Nepal.

February 20, 2025

Aggravating and Mitigating Factors in Criminal Sentencing in Nepal

In Nepal's criminal justice system, sentencing isn't solely based on the crime itself but also on various aggravating and mitigating factors outlined in the National Criminal Code. These factors guide the judiciary in determining fair and proportionate punishment, ensuring that each case is assessed on its unique circumstances. Aggravating factors, such as abuse of authority or targeting vulnerable victims, can lead to harsher sentences. In contrast, mitigating factors like remorse, provocation, or youth may reduce the severity of penalties. This article explains these elements in detail, supported by Alpine Law Associates’ expert insight, to help clients understand how legal representation can influence sentencing outcomes.

March 01, 2025

Understanding Capacity to Contract in Nepal

The capacity to contract ensures that only competent individuals and entities can enter into legally binding agreements. In Nepal, the National Civil Code, 2017 identifies minors, persons of unsound mind, and legally disqualified persons as lacking capacity. While guardians may contract on behalf of minors or those mentally unfit, contracts directly entered by such individuals are void. Disqualifications also extend to individuals with criminal convictions or insolvency. These rules aim to protect vulnerable groups and uphold fairness and enforceability in legal and commercial transactions.

April 02, 2025

Understanding Breach of Contract and Legal Remedies in Nepal

A breach of contract occurs when one party fails to fulfill obligations outlined in a contract. Under Nepal’s National Civil Code, 2017, breaches are categorized as actual or anticipatory, triggering the right to seek legal remedies. These remedies include formal court processes, informal methods like arbitration and mediation, or even self-help options in financial agreements. The nature of the breach determines whether the aggrieved party may claim compensation or specific performance or cancel the contract. This article explores breach types, legal definitions, and available actions, helping individuals and businesses understand their contractual rights and protect their legal interests.

April 04, 2025

Legal Remedies for Breach of Contract in Nepal

Remedies for breach of contract in Nepal provide legal recourse when a party fails to fulfill contractual duties. The National Civil Code, 2017 outlines solutions such as damages, specific performance, injunctions, restitution, and the doctrine of unjust enrichment. Victims can choose formal court actions or alternative dispute resolution methods like arbitration or mediation. These remedies uphold fairness, ensure justice, and protect the rights of aggrieved parties. Whether you're seeking compensation, cancellation, or equitable enforcement, understanding these remedies helps maintain trust and accountability in contractual relationships in both commercial and personal contexts.

April 04, 2025

Pan Card Registration Process in Nepal for Individuals and Businesses

The Permanent Account Number (PAN) system is essential for individuals and businesses in Nepal to comply with tax regulations and conduct financial transactions legally. Issued by the Inland Revenue Department (IRD), the PAN ensures transparency, supports tax filing, enables banking services, and facilitates property and salary transactions. Whether you're an employee, freelancer, business owner, or foreign investor, understanding the PAN registration process—whether online through the IRD portal or Nagarik App—is crucial. This guide details the PAN application steps, required documents, benefits, types of PAN, and common FAQs to help you stay financially compliant in Nepal.

April 04, 2025

Types and Importance of Evidence in Nepali Courts

Evidence is the foundation of justice in any legal proceeding. In Nepal, evidence encompasses all materials—oral, documentary, or physical—used to prove or disprove disputed facts in court. The law distinguishes between primary and secondary evidence, including original documents, real items, witness testimonies, and hearsay exceptions like dying declarations. This article explores the classification of evidence under Nepali law, how each type is admitted, and why proper presentation is vital for fair verdicts. Understanding these concepts ensures transparency, credibility, and accuracy in judicial processes, aligning with both procedural law and constitutional mandates.

April 10, 2025

Understanding Locus Standi and Its Role in Nepalese Law

The principle of locus standi defines who has the right to bring a legal case before a court. In Nepal, this principle traditionally required a personal legal interest or injury. However, the rise of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) has expanded access, allowing concerned citizens to challenge systemic issues like rights violations and governance failures. Governed by the Muluki Civil Procedure Code 2074, locus standi now includes provisions for marginalized individuals through court permissions and guardianship. This evolving concept balances judicial access with procedural discipline, ensuring justice remains within reach for both private grievances and collective societal issues.

April 10, 2025

Key Provisions of Labor Law in Nepal You Must Know

Labor law in Nepal, governed by the Labor Act, 2074, and Social Security Act, 2074, establishes vital protections for workers and responsibilities for employers. Covering employment types, working hours, leave entitlements, benefits like provident fund and gratuity, medical and accident insurance, and retirement provisions, the law promotes safe, fair, and dignified work environments. Despite strong legal frameworks, enforcement challenges persist, especially in informal sectors. Strengthening compliance, raising awareness, and fostering cooperation among employers, workers, and government institutions are crucial for achieving equitable labor practices and protecting workers’ rights across Nepal’s evolving labor landscape.

April 17, 2025

General Principles of Civil Law in Nepal: Foundation of Rights and Obligations

The general principles of civil law in Nepal provide a structured framework for fairness, accountability, and legal order in society. Key principles such as "ignorance of the law is no excuse," "acts against public interest are invalid," "liability for wrongdoing," and "good neighborliness" ensure that personal and commercial relations are governed by justice and consistency. These principles also confirm that customs contrary to law are unenforceable and that civil obligations extend equally to foreigners. Upholding these standards strengthens public confidence in the legal system and promotes a fair, harmonious social and economic environment. Alpine Law Associates provides expert guidance in civil law matters.

April 20, 2025

Understanding Legal Personality in Nepal’s Civil Code

The concept of legal personality is central to civil law, allowing entities like corporations and institutions to hold rights and obligations separate from their members. Under Nepal’s Muluki Civil Code 2074, legal personality empowers bodies corporate to own property, enter contracts, and be liable independently. Sections 42–53 comprehensively define incorporation procedures, corporate powers, liabilities, and special provisions for merger and conflict of interest. Recognizing legal persons promotes justice, accountability, and efficiency in both public and private sectors. Alpine Law Associates explains how legal personality facilitates modern legal systems and the smooth functioning of Nepalese society.

April 21, 2025

Tort Law in Nepal

Tort law in Nepal governs civil wrongs and offers legal remedies for individuals harmed by others' actions. Based on the Muluki Civil Code 2074, it includes provisions for compensation in cases of negligence, defamation, nuisance, trespass, and more. Though not fully codified, tort law is rapidly developing, combining legislative sections and court precedents to address evolving societal issues. Responsibilities are assigned to parents, guardians, employers, and property owners for damage caused under their control. As civil rights awareness increases, Nepal’s tort law continues to expand, reinforcing justice, accountability, and protection for affected individuals.

April 23, 2025

Minimum Wages in Nepal

Wages are the backbone of fair labor practices and economic stability. In Nepal, minimum wages are set by the Minimum Wage Fixation Committee under the Labor Act, 2017. This ensures workers receive fair compensation while supporting economic justice and reducing exploitation. Recent updates have revised minimum wages for various sectors, including tea plantations and other industries. Alpine Law Associates provides expert guidance on labor rights, wage laws, and employer compliance, helping businesses and workers navigate Nepal's legal landscape. Upholding fair wages promotes dignity, protects human rights, and strengthens Nepal's economic development. Trust Alpine Law Associates for reliable legal solutions.

April 27, 2025

Provision relating to illegal detention in Nepal

Illegal detention infringes upon fundamental human rights, violating personal liberty without legal justification. In Nepal, the Constitution and the Muluki Penal Code 2074 outline protections against such unlawful acts. Victims can seek immediate relief through the writ of habeas corpus, compelling authorities to justify detentions. Alpine Law Associates offers expert legal assistance to navigate these complex issues, ensuring justice and upholding individual freedoms. This article delves into the legal frameworks addressing illegal detention in Nepal and the remedies available to those affected.

May 04, 2025

Public, Private and Non-Profit Companies in Nepal

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the various types of companies in Nepal, as defined by the Companies Act, 2063 (2006). It delves into the characteristics of private limited companies, public limited companies, and non-profit organizations, highlighting their formation processes, regulatory requirements, and roles in the Nepalese economy. Whether you're an entrepreneur, investor, or legal professional, this guide offers valuable insights into the corporate structures that drive business and social initiatives in Nepal.

May 04, 2025

E-passport issuance for Foreign Nepalese

This article provides a comprehensive guide for Non-Resident Nepalis (NRNs) on registering for e-passports. It covers eligibility criteria, necessary documentation, step-by-step application procedures, and the legal framework governing e-passports in Nepal. Additionally, it outlines the processing timelines and offers insights into the benefits of e-passports for NRNs.

May 04, 2025

Non-Resident Nepali (NRN) Property Rights in Nepal

This article delves into the property rights of Non-Resident Nepalis (NRNs) in Nepal, outlining the legal frameworks that govern property ownership, the types of properties NRNs can acquire, and the procedures for purchasing, inheriting, or investing in property. It also highlights the limitations and conditions imposed on NRNs to ensure compliance with Nepalese laws.

May 19, 2025

Online Marriage Registration Process in Nepal Explained

Online marriage registration in Nepal is a hybrid system where couples can initiate certain steps digitally, though final court presence is still required. Governed by the Muluki Civil Code, couples—whether Nepali, mixed-nationality, or foreign—must fulfill eligibility, residency, and documentation requirements. This article breaks down the step-by-step process for online initiation, in-person legal formalities, and required paperwork for different marriage types. It highlights practical legal insights, emphasizing how to navigate the system smoothly with legal consultation. Whether you’re a local or foreigner, understanding Nepal’s evolving marriage laws is key to securing a valid, recognized union.

May 19, 2025

Family Law in Nepal: Marriage, Divorce, Inheritance & More

Family law in Nepal governs key aspects of personal and domestic life such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, custody, adoption, and guardianship. It has evolved to reflect both traditional values and modern legal reforms, ensuring gender equality and child welfare. The National Civil Code 2017 and the Constitution of Nepal form the legal backbone for family rights and responsibilities. Alpine Law Associates provides expert family law services, from marriage registration and divorce to inheritance disputes and adoption proceedings. Whether you're an individual seeking legal protection or guidance, we offer personalized support to resolve family matters effectively.

May 21, 2025

Understanding Nepal's Suicide Law: Abetment, Legal Provisions, and Support

In Nepal, suicide is not a criminal offense; however, abetment to suicide is punishable under Section 185 of the National Penal Code, 2017. Individuals found guilty of encouraging or assisting suicide can face up to five years of imprisonment and a fine of up to NPR 50,000. The law emphasizes mental health awareness and aims to reduce stigma. Legal professionals play a crucial role in handling such cases, offering services like legal consultation, FIR filing, evidence collection, court representation, and compensation claims. Despite legal provisions, challenges remain in mental health support and awareness.

May 27, 2025

Gambling and Betting Law in Nepal

This article provides an in-depth look at the legal framework governing gambling and betting in Nepal. It outlines the provisions of the Muluki Penal Code, 2074, including definitions, examples, penalties, and legal services provided by law firms for gambling-related cases. The article also addresses the government's approach to regulating gambling activities, particularly casinos, and balancing tradition with law enforcement. It covers legal consultation, case assessment, representation in court, and settlement options available to clients facing gambling charges.

June 12, 2025