Writ Procedure in Nepal (2026): 5 Constitutional Writs

A 2026 practitioner's guide to writ procedure in Nepal — the five constitutional writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari and quo warranto under the extraordinary jurisdiction of the Supreme Court (Article 133) and the High Courts (Article 144), locus standi rules for fundamental-rights and public-interest petitions, filing mechanics, supporting affidavits and the court fee, interim orders and stay relief, the standard of review and the fast-track listing of habeas corpus cases.

March 31, 2025

Juvenile Case Proceedings in Nepal 2026 — Children Act

"Juvenile justice in Nepal is governed by the Act Relating to Children 2075 (2018), the Juvenile Justice Execution Procedure Rules 2076 (2019), Constitution Article 39 and Section 45 of the Penal Code 2074 on criminal capacity. Under 10 — no criminal liability. 10-14 — limited capacity; maximum sanction is placement at a Bal Sudhar Griha. 14-16 — half of the adult sentence. 16-18 — two-thirds of the adult sentence. Every District Court runs a Juvenile Bench (judge + social worker + child psychologist) under Sec 30. Cabinet decided February 2025 to constitute dedicated Juvenile Courts. Hearings are closed; identity confidentiality protected. 120-day disposal target."

April 02, 2025

Court Fee in Nepal 2026 — Civil and Writ Schedule

"Court fee in Nepal is governed by the Court Fees Act 2017 (1960) and Chapter 6 of the Muluki Civil Procedure Code 2074 (Sections 63-75). Civil suits attract ad-valorem fees on a slab basis — NPR 500 flat for claims up to NPR 25,000, rising to 1% for claims above NPR 2.5 million. Non-monetary civil suits (partition, eviction, declaratory) pay NPR 500 flat under Section 70. Writ petitions at the Supreme Court / High Court pay NPR 500 baseline; habeas corpus is FREE. Appeals attract a 15% surcharge on the original registration fee. Criminal cases — government prosecutes, accused pays no fee. Government, indigent litigants and certain notified bodies are exempt."

April 02, 2025

Procedural Rights of Defendants in Nepal (2026): Constitutional Guide

A 2026 practitioner's guide to the procedural rights of defendants in Nepal under the Constitution of Nepal 2072 — Article 20 (no self-incrimination, right to counsel), Article 21 (fair trial, prompt hearing, presumption of innocence), Article 22 (no torture, no double jeopardy), Article 23 (no ex-post-facto laws, no excessive punishment) — read with the National Criminal Procedure Code 2074, Legal Aid Act framework, bail presumption, habeas corpus and the constitutional writ remedies under Articles 133 and 144.

April 02, 2025

Child Rights in Nepal 2082/83 (2026) — Laws & Protections

"Child rights in Nepal — the four pillars of survival, development, protection and participation, guaranteed by the Act Relating to Children 2075, Article 39 of the Constitution 2072, and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (ratified 1990). Covers name and birth registration, protection from child marriage, child labour and corporal punishment, juvenile justice, the Child Rights Council and how rights are enforced. 2026 guide."

April 17, 2025

Fundamental Rights in Nepal (2026): Constitution 2072 Guide

A 2026 practitioner's guide to the fundamental rights chapter of the Constitution of Nepal 2072 (2015) — Part 3, Articles 16-46 — covering personal liberty, equality, freedom of expression, religion, privacy, property, women's, children's, Dalit, and senior citizens' rights, the right against torture, the writ jurisdictions of the Supreme Court (Article 133) and High Courts (Article 144), reasonable restrictions, comparative position against the 2007 Interim Constitution, and the international human-rights framework Nepal is party to.

April 25, 2025

Marriage Crimes in Nepal 2082/83 (2026) — Penal Code Ch. 11

"Marriage crimes in Nepal under Chapter 11 of the National Penal Code 2074 (Sec. 171–176) — marriage without consent (Sec. 171), marriage in a prohibited relationship (Sec. 172), child marriage (Sec. 173), demanding or harassing for dowry (Sec. 174), and bigamy/polygamy (Sec. 175), with the 3-month limitation under Sec. 176. Penalties, void-marriage effect, and how to file a complaint. 2026 guide."

April 27, 2025

Unlawful Detention in Nepal 2026 — Habeas Corpus Guide

"Unlawful detention in Nepal is governed by Articles 17 (right to freedom), 20 (right relating to justice — produce within 24 hours), 21 (rights of crime victim) and 22 (right against torture) of the Constitution of Nepal 2015, the Muluki Aparadh Sanhita (Penal Code) 2074 Sections 200-205 (unlawful detention offences — up to 4 years for secret confinement; up to 3 years for simple unlawful detention plus victim compensation), and the Muluki Criminal Procedure Code 2074 custody-limit framework (24-hour production rule, 25-day investigation custody cap for serious offences). Habeas corpus is available under Article 133 (Supreme Court) and Article 144 (High Court) — filing is FREE and matters move on 24-72 hour expedited schedule."

May 04, 2025

Third Gender & LGBTQ Rights in Nepal 2026 — Full Guide

"Nepal is the first South Asian country to recognise third-gender and LGBTQ rights at the apex-court and constitutional level. The Supreme Court ruling in Sunil Babu Pant v. Nepal Government (Writ No. 917 of 2007, decided 21 December 2007) established LGBTI persons as natural persons entitled to full constitutional rights and ordered third-gender recognition on official documents. The Constitution of Nepal 2015 protects gender and sexual minorities under Article 12 (citizenship), Article 18 (equality with affirmative-action proviso) and Article 42 (inclusive participation). The Supreme Court's June 2023 interim order directed a temporary register for same-sex marriages; Maya Gurung and Surendra Pandey's marriage on 29 November 2023 was the first registered."

July 20, 2025

Inter-Country Adoption in Nepal 2082/83 (2026) — Law & Status

"Inter-country adoption in Nepal under Chapter 9 of the Muluki Civil Code 2074 (Sec. 188–204) — government permission (Sec. 189), the Inter-country Adoption Board (Sec. 193), foreign-adopter eligibility (Sec. 192), the domestic-first subsidiarity rule, and the critical 2026 status: Nepal is not a Hague party and the process is effectively suspended. Practitioner guide."

July 21, 2025

Mediation and ADR in Nepal 2026 — Full Overview

"Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in Nepal covers three statutory methods — mediation under the Mediation Act 2068 (2011), arbitration under the Arbitration Act 2055 (1999, fast-track amended March 2025 with Section 13A), and negotiation. Court-annexed mediation under Muluki Civil Procedure Code 2074 Sections 193-195 settles 60-75% of property and family matters. Community mediation through Local Government Judicial Committees (Local Government Operation Act 2074, 3-month completion, 90-day DC appeal) reports 80-90% settlement rates. Labour mediation under Labour Act 2074 Sec 118 runs a 30-day window. ADR is faster, cheaper, and confidential vs litigation."

July 21, 2025

House Rent Law in Nepal 2026: Tenant & Landlord Rights

Complete house rent guide for Nepal 2026 (2083 BS) — Muluki Civil Code 2074 Chapter 9 (Sections 383 to 405), 5-year maximum residential lease, mandatory written agreement above NPR 20,000 monthly, 35-day notice rule for termination, local ward rental tax of 10 to 17 percent, Section 88 TDS framework for corporate-tenant rent, security deposit and refund rules, eviction grounds, dispute-resolution route through the ward office and District Court, NRN landlord coordination, and the practical operating differences between residential and commercial tenancies.

July 21, 2025

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