Alpine Law Associates is the leading full-service law firm encompassing a wide range of legal practices located in Kathmandu, Nepal. It consists of a team of the country's best lawyers, each with expertise in their respective fields, tailored to meet clients' specific needs.
Anamnagar-29, Kathmandu
A 2026 practitioner's guide to company registration in Nepal — Companies Act 2063, OCR's CAMIS digital portal, fee slabs from NPR 1,000 to NPR 43,000+, capital rules, document set, foreign branch and liaison registration, and end-to-end post-registration compliance with PAN, VAT and DOI.
A 2026 practitioner's document checklist for company formation in Nepal — the full filing pack the Office of Company Registrar (OCR) and the CAMIS portal will accept, Memorandum and Articles of Association drafting essentials, document set by company type (private, public, single-shareholder, non-profit Section 166, foreign branch and liaison), the FDI route document overlay for foreign-shareholder files, notarisation and witness rules, and the most common rejection grounds.
"Power of Attorney in Nepal — Adhikrit Waresnama — is governed by Sections 144-155 of the Muluki Dewani Karyabidhi Sanhita 2074 (National Civil Procedure Code 2074), NOT the Civil Code. Nepali practice recognises two categories: Sadharan Waresnama (simple POA, notary suffices) and Adhikrit Waresnama (authorised POA for land sale, court representation, consent settlement). Section 153 requires the principal to personally appear before a District Court judge in Nepal — or before the Nepali Ambassador / Consul-General abroad — with thumbprint, signature, photograph and two witnesses. Court authentication fee: Rs 500 for family members; Rs 5,000 for non-family attorneys. Section 154 limits the agent's powers — land sale and consent-settlement of suits require express authority."
A 2026 practitioner's guide to borrowing and lending in Nepal under the Muluki Civil Code 2074 and the Nepal Rastra Bank framework — Section 478 interest provisions, the Section 481 statutory cap that total cumulative interest cannot exceed principal, the Tamasuk loan deed, secured lending through pledge / mortgage / hypothecation, the 10-year limitation for loan recovery, licensed-lender regulation under NRB, cheque-bounce recovery under Penal Code Section 484, and the document trail that holds up at the District Court.
Tamasuk in Nepal — the traditional handwritten promissory note governed by the Muluki Civil Code 2074 transaction chapter (Sections 474 to 492). Covers format, witness rules, ward-office attestation, interest cap, ten-year limitation period under Section 484, recovery suit before the District Court, and the difference between a tamasuk and a Negotiable Instruments Act 2034 promissory note. Updated April 2026.
A 2026 (2083 BS) practitioner's guide to succession and inheritance in Nepal under the National Civil Code 2074 — the coparcener doctrine and Section 205 daughters' equal-share rights, the order of intestate succession (spouse and children first, then parents, then siblings), the distinction between ancestral and self-acquired property (Section 215 onwards), testate succession through wills (formalities, restrictions on disposing of joint family property), the partition process at the District Court, the cross-border issues for NRN heirs and foreign-citizenship beneficiaries, and the appeal route through the High Court and Supreme Court.
"The Consumer Protection Act 2075 (2018) replaced the 1998 Act. It codifies nine consumer rights, sets penalties from NPR 30,000 + 2 years (false advertising under Sec 9a) to NPR 500,000 + 14 years (life-threatening harm under Sec 10e), establishes a specialised Consumer Court (Kathmandu, operating since Falgun 2078), and lets consumers seek compensation under Section 22. Complaints are filed free at the Department of Commerce, Supplies and Consumer Protection (DoCSCP) Babarmahal, Local-Level Dispute Resolution Committee or directly at the Consumer Court."
"Adoption in Nepal under Chapter 8 of the Muluki Civil Code 2074 (Sec. 169–187) — who can adopt (Sec. 172), the under-14 adoptee rule (Sec. 173), the 25-year age gap (Sec. 174), consent (Sec. 175), full filiation and inheritance (Sec. 178), severance from the birth family (Sec. 180), cancellation (Sec. 184–185), and why inter-country adoption is suspended. 2026 practitioner guide."
"An NRN or person abroad can file a case in Nepal through a Nepali lawyer appointed under an Adhikrit Waresnama (POA) authenticated at the Nepali Embassy or Consulate-General under Section 153 of the Muluki Dewani Karyabidhi Sanhita 2074. Embassy-authenticated POA is directly usable in Nepal without MoFA Tripureshwor re-attestation. Foreign-notary-only POAs require the 4-stage chain — foreign notary → competent authority → Nepali Embassy → MoFA Tripureshwor. Most common NRN cases: divorce (mutual consent 3–6 months), property partition, inheritance, ancestral land disputes. Nepal does NOT recognise foreign judgments without bilateral treaty or reciprocity under the Mutual Legal Assistance Act."
A 2026 (2083 BS) practitioner's guide to the unmarried certificate (single status certificate, अविवाहित प्रमाणपत्र) in Nepal — the ward-office-issued document confirming current unmarried status, the documents required (citizenship original, photographs, family population card, divorce decree if previously married), the same-day issuance with the 30-to-35 day validity window, the three-step attestation chain for international use (notary translation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs authentication, destination-country embassy or consulate legalisation), the use cases (foreign marriage, court-marriage at the District Court, immigration filings, overseas employment), and the practical compliance discipline for cross-border court / ward marriage-registration.
A 2026 practitioner's guide to robbery, theft and dacoity laws in Nepal under the National Penal Code 2074 — the offence ladder from theft (Sec. 241) and aggravated theft (Sec. 242) through burglary (Sec. 243) to robbery (Sec. 244) and dacoity; punishment bands from three years up to fourteen years and beyond; aggravators for night-time, dwelling, by servant, and against vulnerable victims; receiving stolen property; restitution to victim; compoundability rules; and the District Court investigation route with 35-day appeal.
"How Nepal's Domestic Violence (Offence and Punishment) Act 2066 (2009) and Rules 2067 work in 2026 — the definition of physical, mental, sexual and economic harm in a family relationship, the three places a complaint can be filed (Police, National Women Commission, Local Body / ward), the District Court process and interim protection order, the Section 12 penalty of NPR 3,000-25,000 fine and/or up to 6 months imprisonment, the 90-day limitation, and the 1145 helpline run by the NWC."
A 2026 practitioner's guide to homicide laws in Nepal under Chapter 12 of the Muluki Penal Code 2074 — intentional murder (Sec 177), knowledge homicide (Sec 178), grave-provocation killing (Sec 179), reckless homicide (Sec 181), negligent homicide (Sec 182), attempt to murder (Sec 183), abetment of suicide (Sec 185), defences of private defence and insanity, prosecution by the District Government Attorney under the State Cases Act, 35-day appeal limitation and the no-limitation rule for serious homicide.
A 2026 practitioner's guide to rape laws in Nepal under the National Penal Code 2074 — Section 219 definition and consent test, statutory rape (under 18), the age-graduated punishment ladder, aggravated rape, marital rape under Section 219 sub-section (4), the Section 229 one-year limitation problem, FIR process at the District Police, medical examination, in-camera trial, victim identity protection, and the Crime Victim Protection Act 2075 framework.
A 2026 practitioner's guide to kidnapping and hostage law in Nepal under the National Penal Code 2074 — definitions of kidnapping, abduction and hostage-taking; ransom and aggravated forms; child-victim aggravators; punishment bands from 7 to 25 years and life; cross-border kidnapping at the Nepal–India open border; investigation through Nepal Police and the District Court prosecution route; bail, 35-day appeal and the compounding rules.
A 2026 practitioner's guide to aggravating and mitigating factors in Nepali criminal sentencing under the National Sentencing Act 2074 — what each factor means, how courts weigh them at the sentencing hearing, examples across homicide, sexual offences, theft and fraud, the right of victims to make submissions, and the appellate grounds rooted in factor analysis. Built for defence counsel, prosecutors and victims preparing for a Nepali sentencing hearing.
A 2026 practitioner's guide to the principle of natural justice in Nepal — the two pillars (audi alteram partem and nemo judex in causa sua), Article 21 fair-trial guarantee under the Constitution of Nepal 2072, application in civil, criminal, administrative and quasi-judicial proceedings, types of bias, right to reasoned decision, right to representation, statutory exceptions, and writ remedies (certiorari and mandamus) against breach.
A 2026 practitioner's guide to the procedural rights of defendants in Nepal under the Constitution of Nepal 2072 — Article 20 (no self-incrimination, right to counsel), Article 21 (fair trial, prompt hearing, presumption of innocence), Article 22 (no torture, no double jeopardy), Article 23 (no ex-post-facto laws, no excessive punishment) — read with the National Criminal Procedure Code 2074, Legal Aid Act framework, bail presumption, habeas corpus and the constitutional writ remedies under Articles 133 and 144.
A 2026 (2083 BS) practitioner's guide to Nata Kayam (नाता कायम) relationship certification in Nepal — the legal mechanism for establishing kinship and family relationships under the National Civil Code 2074, the two operative routes (ward office for uncontested cases, District Court for disputed lineage or insufficient documents), the document set (citizenship certificates, birth certificates, family population card, photographs, ward recommendation), the ward office 1-to-2 day timeline and District Court weeks-to-months process, the DNA testing protocol where biological lineage is contested, the downstream uses (descent citizenship, inheritance and partition, property transfer, pension claims, school enrolment, NRN inheritance), and the appeal route through the higher courts.
"The current minimum wage in Nepal — effective 1 Shrawan 2082 (17 July 2025), the statutory monthly minimum wage rose to NPR 19,550 (basic NPR 12,170 + dearness NPR 7,380), with the daily minimum at NPR 754 and the hourly at NPR 101 for regular workers. This guide covers the legal basis under Sections 106-107 of the Labour Act 2074, the tripartite Minimum Wage Fixation Committee, sectoral variations (tea estate), and the penalty for paying below the floor."
A 2026 (2083 BS) practitioner's pillar guide to citizenship in Nepal — the constitutional framework under Articles 10 to 14 of the Constitution of Nepal 2072, the four operative categories (descent / vamsaj, birth / janmasiddha, naturalised / angikrit, honorary / sammanarthi), the District Administration Office (DAO) application process from ward recommendation to CDO sign-off, the document checklist for each category, the 2079 First Amendment and subsequent amendments through 2082 BS (maternal-line citizenship, abandoned children, foreign-spouse pathway), the Non-Resident Nepali identity card framework, the Section 10 automatic-loss rule on foreign-citizenship acquisition, replacement and duplicate certificates, common rejection reasons, and the administrative-review and judicial-review remedies where citizenship is denied.
"Court marriage of a foreigner in Nepal under the Muluki Civil Code 2074 — registered at the District Court after 15 consecutive days' residence, with the foreign spouse's embassy no-objection certificate, passport and valid visa, and home-country marriage-eligibility documents notarised and translated into Nepali. Crucially: Nepal MoFA attestation is NOT required to register in Nepal — it is only needed afterwards to legalise the certificate for use abroad. 2026 guide."
A 2026 (2083 BS) practitioner's guide to National ID (NID) registration in Nepal — the National Identity Card and Registration Act 2076 statutory base, the Department of National ID and Civil Registration (DoNIDCR) administrative framework, eligibility (Nepali citizens aged 16 and above), online pre-enrolment through citizenportal.donidcr.gov.np with the 16-digit application reference and QR receipt, biometric capture at the DAO or designated centre (10 fingerprints, iris scan, photograph, electronic signature), the document set (citizenship certificate, recent photo, supplementary documents where citizenship lacks current detail), the zero government fee, the 3-to-6 month physical card delivery window with the 10-digit National Identification Number (NIN) accepted immediately as interim proof, the Nagarik App digital integration, the expanding mandatory-use ecosystem (banking, e-passport, SIM, SSF, property), and lost-card / correction / penalty procedures.
"How the Social Security Fund (SSF) works in Nepal in 2026 — the Contribution-Based Social Security Act 2074 + Regulations 2075, administered by the SSF (samajik suraksha kosh) under MoLESS, with mandatory enrolment for formal-sector employers and a 31% combined contribution (11% employee + 20% employer) on basic salary. This guide covers the four protection schemes, the 15th-of-month deposit deadline, sosys.ssf.gov.np registration, and how SSF replaces older PF/gratuity arrangements."
A 2026 practitioner's guide to the acid attack law in Nepal under Section 192(ka) of the Muluki Penal Code 2074 and the Acid and Other Hazardous Chemicals (Regulation) Act 2076 — punishment for face and body disfigurement, the fine-as-compensation rule, regulation of acid sale, victim protection and rehabilitation framework, FIR and investigation, medical-evidence chain, civil compensation in addition to criminal punishment, and the gender dimensions of acid-violence prosecution in Nepal.
A 2026 practitioner's guide to suicide law in Nepal under the Muluki Penal Code 2074 — historic decriminalisation of attempted suicide, the abetment offence under Sections 184–185, punishment and fine, the six-month limitation in Section 187, investigation pathway (FIR, suicide note, digital trail), the overlap with the Electronic Transactions Act and Cyber Crime Bureau for online-harassment-driven suicide, and the Mental Health Act 2074 framework that now governs post-attempt care.
"How to get a liquor licence in Nepal in 2026 — the excise licence for producing, importing or wholesaling alcohol comes from the Inland Revenue Department under the Excise Duty Act 2058 and Liquor (Madira) Act 2031, while retail and bar licences come from the local municipality. This guide covers the licence types, the issuing authority for each, renewal, the production licence, and the age and advertising restrictions."
A 2026 practitioner's guide to torture law in Nepal — Constitution of Nepal 2072 Article 22 prohibition, the Compensation Relating to Torture Act 2053 (1996) for civil compensation against State actors, criminalisation of torture by public officials under the National Penal Code 2074, the Convention against Torture (CAT) framework Nepal acceded to in 1991, the National Human Rights Commission investigation role, custodial torture aggravators, and how Alpine Law Associates structures torture compensation and criminal complaints for victims.
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