Commercial Law | Alpine Law Associates

Company Registration Process in Nepal

Company registration in Nepal is a legally structured process governed by the Company Act 2063. This article offers a complete guide to starting a business legally, from name reservation to obtaining a PAN and meeting annual compliance. It explains the types of companies in Nepal, documents required, government fees, and the online registration steps through the OCR portal. Whether you’re a local entrepreneur or a foreign investor, understanding the company formation process is essential for legal operation and credibility in Nepal’s business landscape.

January 01, 2025

Types of Companies in Nepal under Company Act, 2063

This article provides a complete overview of the different types of companies in Nepal under the Company Act, 2063. It explains the features of private, public, non-profit, government, foreign, and holding/subsidiary companies. Also included are detailed steps to register a company in Nepal through the Office of the Company Registrar (OCR), making it easier for startups, investors, and social enterprises to choose the right legal structure. With rising digital access and business reforms, Nepal is becoming a favorable destination for entrepreneurs.

January 15, 2025

Merger and Acquisition Process in Nepal Under Company Law

This detailed article covers the complete legal and procedural framework for merger and acquisition (M&A) in Nepal under the Company Act, 2063 and relevant bylaws. It explains merger types—horizontal, vertical, conglomerate—and acquisition forms like asset and stock acquisition. Public company merger steps are outlined, from special resolutions to OCR approvals and asset transfers. It also includes a list of required documents and emphasizes how M&A strategies support growth, restructuring, and market advantage in Nepal’s evolving business landscape.

January 15, 2025

Hierarchy and Jurisdiction of Courts and Tribunals in Nepal

This article outlines the court system and judicial hierarchy of Nepal, starting with the Supreme Court, High Court, and District Court, as defined by the Constitution of Nepal. It also covers the roles and jurisdiction of specialized courts like the Special Court, Labor Court, Revenue Tribunal, and Debt Recovery Tribunal. The guide explains how each court or tribunal handles distinct legal matters such as corruption, labor disputes, tax appeals, and loan recoveries. It offers a comprehensive understanding of Nepal’s legal system, its structure, and the legal remedies available to citizens and institutions alike.

January 19, 2025

The E-Commerce Act of Nepal 2025: Regulations, Compliance & Impact

The E-Commerce Act 2081 (2025) is a major milestone in Nepal's digital economy. It governs all aspects of online transactions, from platform setup and registration to legal obligations, consumer protection, and penalties for non-compliance. This comprehensive law helps promote trust in e-commerce while protecting both sellers and consumers. Learn how to comply with the Act, register your platform, and avoid legal pitfalls. Ideal for digital entrepreneurs, startups, and corporate lawyers.

March 23, 2025

Performance of Contract in Nepal

This article explains the legal aspects of contract performance in Nepal under the National Civil Code, 2017. It covers modes, time, place, and parties responsible for fulfilling contractual duties, along with exceptions such as impossibility or mutual release. Understanding contract performance helps ensure legal certainty, reduce disputes, and protect the rights of all parties involved in both business and personal transactions. The article provides practical insights into how, when, and by whom a contract should be performed, with references to key legal provisions and situations where performance may be excused.

April 02, 2025

Understanding Capacity to Contract in Nepal

The capacity to contract ensures that only competent individuals and entities can enter into legally binding agreements. In Nepal, the National Civil Code, 2017 identifies minors, persons of unsound mind, and legally disqualified persons as lacking capacity. While guardians may contract on behalf of minors or those mentally unfit, contracts directly entered by such individuals are void. Disqualifications also extend to individuals with criminal convictions or insolvency. These rules aim to protect vulnerable groups and uphold fairness and enforceability in legal and commercial transactions.

April 02, 2025

Understanding Breach of Contract and Legal Remedies in Nepal

A breach of contract occurs when one party fails to fulfill obligations outlined in a contract. Under Nepal’s National Civil Code, 2017, breaches are categorized as actual or anticipatory, triggering the right to seek legal remedies. These remedies include formal court processes, informal methods like arbitration and mediation, or even self-help options in financial agreements. The nature of the breach determines whether the aggrieved party may claim compensation or specific performance or cancel the contract. This article explores breach types, legal definitions, and available actions, helping individuals and businesses understand their contractual rights and protect their legal interests.

April 04, 2025

General Principles of Civil Law in Nepal: Foundation of Rights and Obligations

The general principles of civil law in Nepal provide a structured framework for fairness, accountability, and legal order in society. Key principles such as "ignorance of the law is no excuse," "acts against public interest are invalid," "liability for wrongdoing," and "good neighborliness" ensure that personal and commercial relations are governed by justice and consistency. These principles also confirm that customs contrary to law are unenforceable and that civil obligations extend equally to foreigners. Upholding these standards strengthens public confidence in the legal system and promotes a fair, harmonious social and economic environment. Alpine Law Associates provides expert guidance in civil law matters.

April 20, 2025

Understanding Legal Personality in Nepal’s Civil Code

The concept of legal personality is central to civil law, allowing entities like corporations and institutions to hold rights and obligations separate from their members. Under Nepal’s Muluki Civil Code 2074, legal personality empowers bodies corporate to own property, enter contracts, and be liable independently. Sections 42–53 comprehensively define incorporation procedures, corporate powers, liabilities, and special provisions for merger and conflict of interest. Recognizing legal persons promotes justice, accountability, and efficiency in both public and private sectors. Alpine Law Associates explains how legal personality facilitates modern legal systems and the smooth functioning of Nepalese society.

April 21, 2025

Liquor License in Nepal: Procedure, Documents, and Legal Framework

The article outlines the process for obtaining a liquor license in Nepal, including the necessary documentation, steps involved, and the legal framework governing the liquor industry. It discusses the Liquor Act, Liquor Rules, and other related regulations, providing insights into the licensing procedure for the production, sale, and distribution of alcohol.

May 30, 2025

E-Commerce Business Registration Process in Nepal

This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to register an e-commerce business in Nepal. It covers key steps, including name reservation, document submission, tax registration, and sector-specific requirements like domain registration and payment gateway integration.

June 05, 2025

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